In 50,000 years earth will enter into another glacial period regardless of current global warming effects.

不管目前全球变暖效应如何，五万后地球将进入另一个川。

" We obviously don't have thermometers in the glacial period, so we have to instead look for these kinds of stand-in indicators."

“显然，在川时我们没有温度计，因此我们必须寻找这些替代指示器。”

Within that, you have cycles of “glacial periods” and “interglacial periods”.

其中，你有“” 和“间” 循环。

Over the past two million years, colder glacial periods have alternated with warmer interglacial periods.

在过去 200 万里， 较冷与较温暖间交替出现。

So let’s look at the Pleistocene Epoch — the most recent glacial period.

那么让我们来看看更新世时——最近川。

And over time, as sea levels rose and declined and rose and declined, we went through glacial periods.

随着时间推移， 海平面不断上升和下降，我们经历了河时。

6 million years ago, the ice caps expanded even more, and the Earth entered a glacial period.

260万前， 盖进一步扩大，地球进入河。

Imagine how much surviving the cold would have been a problem back in a glacial period.

想象一下，在川时， 如何在寒冷中幸存下来是个问题。

Glacial periods over the past 6 million years promoted the selection of a set of genes responsible for the metabolism and neurohormonal regulation in cold conditions.

过去 600 万促进了一组基因选择，这些基因负责在寒冷条件下新陈代谢和神经激素调节。

So as the Earth's tilt decreases, polar summers become milder, allowing ice to build up until it eventually triggers a glacial period.

因此，随着地球倾斜度减小， 极地夏季变得更为温和，使得层得以积累， 最终引发川。

As temperatures declined through the last glacial period, and conditions became less hospitable, varieties in different regions evolved different mechanisms for survival.

随着最后一个河时代气温下降， 环境变得不再宜居，不同地区葡萄品种演化出了不同生存机制。

Just such an influx may have happened about 12,800 years ago, helping to set off a thousand-year glacial period called the Younger Dryas.

正是这样冲击可能发生在约12,800前，进而引发了一个持续千川，称为新仙女木。

So over time, there's like sea level changes and rises because, you know, the Earth likes to go through glacial and interglacial periods.

所以随着时间推移，由于地球会经历河和间，海平面会发生变化并上升。

Glacial periods are colder and have a greater ice sheet presence, while the interglacial periods are warmer and more like the Earth is now.

川更冷， 盖更大， 而间更暖，更像现在地球。

The decrease in the rain-and snow-fall since the close of the glacial period in the Sierra is much less than is commonly guessed.

自塞拉利昂川结束以来降雨和降雪量减少比通常猜测要少得多。

We know that during this glacial period, many animal and plant species sought shelter in Europe's three warmer southern peninsulas, Iberia, Italy, and the Balkans.

我们知道， 在这个川，许多动植物物种在欧洲三个较暖南部半岛——伊比利亚半岛、意大利和巴尔干半岛——寻求避难。

All the Sierra rivers and their tributaries in these high regions are thus lost every winter, as if another glacial period had come on.

因此，每冬天，这些高地所有塞拉利昂河及其支流都消失了， 仿佛又一个河来临了。

Perhaps more than a mile in average depth has the range been thus degraded during the last glacial period, -a quantity of mechanical work almost inconceivably great.

在最后一次河时，山脉平均深度可能超过一英里，因此退化了——大量机械工作几乎大得令人难以置信。

When the most recent glacial period ended around 11,700 years ago, things got warmer and drier, and the swamps and lakes that Castoroides depended on became more scarce.

当最近一次河在大约11700前结束时，气候变得温暖干燥， 巨型海狸依赖沼泽和湖泊变得更加稀少。

Next to the Cathedral Rocks on the south side towers the Sentinel Rock to a height of more than 3000 feet, a telling monument of the glacial period.

在南侧大教堂岩石旁边耸立着高达 3000 多英尺哨兵岩石，这是河时一座纪念碑。