Follow-up work by Dr Zhu, in nine other sections of the Doushantuo formation, suggests this surge started just after the final Precambrian glacial period about 560m years ago, and went on for 9m years.

后续工作由朱博士完成，有九个其他陡山沱构造说明这个激增仅仅是在最后一次前寒武之后，大约5.6亿年前，并且持续了900万年。

Glacial periods over the past 6 million years promoted the selection of a set of genes responsible for the metabolism and neurohormonal regulation in cold conditions.

过去 600 万年期促进了一组基因选择，这些基因负责在寒冷条件下新陈代谢和神经激素调节。

" We obviously don't have thermometers in the glacial period, so we have to instead look for these kinds of stand-in indicators."

“显然，在时期我们没有温度计，因此我们必须寻找这些替代指示器。”

In 50,000 years earth will enter into another glacial period regardless of current global warming effects.

不管目前全变暖效应如何，五万年后地将进入另一个期。

Over the past two million years, colder glacial periods have alternated with warmer interglacial periods.

在过去 200 万年里， 较冷期与较温暖间期交替出现。

How long the various species of wild bees have lived in this honey-garden, nobody knows; probably ever since the main body of the present flora gained possession of the land, toward the close of the glacial period.

没有人知道各种野蜂在这个蜜园里生活了多久；可能自从现在植物群主体占领了这片土地，到期结束时。

As an example, I have attempted to show how potent has been the influence of the Glacial period on the distribution of the same and of allied species throughout the world.

作为一个例子， 我试图说明河时期对世界各地相同物种和近缘物种分布有多大。

When the most recent glacial period ended around 11,700 years ago, things got warmer and drier, and the swamps and lakes that Castoroides depended on became more scarce.

当最近一次河期在大约11700年前结束时，气候变得温暖干燥， 巨型海狸依赖沼泽和湖泊变得更加稀少。

Next to the Cathedral Rocks on the south side towers the Sentinel Rock to a height of more than 3000 feet, a telling monument of the glacial period.

在南侧大教堂岩石旁边耸立着高达 3000 多英尺哨兵岩石，这是河时期一座念碑。

Perhaps more than a mile in average depth has the range been thus degraded during the last glacial period, -a quantity of mechanical work almost inconceivably great.

在最后一次河时期，山脉平均深度可能超过一英里，因此退化了——大量机械工作几乎大得令人难以置信。

We know that during this glacial period, many animal and plant species sought shelter in Europe's three warmer southern peninsulas, Iberia, Italy, and the Balkans.

我们知道， 在这个期，许多动植物物种在欧洲三个较暖南部半岛——伊比利亚半岛、意大利和巴尔干半岛——寻求避难。

Just such an influx may have happened about 12,800 years ago, helping to set off a thousand-year glacial period called the Younger Dryas.

正是这样冲击可能发生在约12,800年前，进而引发了一个持续千年期，称为新仙女木期。

So over time, there's like sea level changes and rises because, you know, the Earth likes to go through glacial and interglacial periods.

所以随着时间推移，由于地会经历河期和间期，海平面会发生变化并上升。

As temperatures declined through the last glacial period, and conditions became less hospitable, varieties in different regions evolved different mechanisms for survival.

随着最后一个河时代气温下降， 环境变得不再宜居，不同地区葡萄品种演化出了不同生存机制。

Imagine how much surviving the cold would have been a problem back in a glacial period.

想象一下，在时期， 如何在寒冷中幸存下来是个问题。

Within that, you have cycles of “glacial periods” and “interglacial periods”.

其中，你有“期” 和“间期” 循环。

The decrease in the rain-and snow-fall since the close of the glacial period in the Sierra is much less than is commonly guessed.

自塞拉利昂期结束以来降雨和降雪量减少比通常猜测要少得多。

6 million years ago, the ice caps expanded even more, and the Earth entered a glacial period.

260万年前， 盖进一步扩大，地进入河期。

And over time, as sea levels rose and declined and rose and declined, we went through glacial periods.

随着时间推移， 海平面不断上升和下降，我们经历了河时期。

It is hard without long and loving study to realize the magnitude of the work done on these mountains during the last glacial period by glaciers, which are only streams of closely compacted snow-crystals.

如果不进行长期而热情研究，就很难认识到在最后一次河时期对这些山脉所做工作重要性，只是紧密压实雪晶流。